Fuel pump



March l, 1938.

L. H. GRISELL FUEL PUMP.

F'led Aug. 5, 1935 ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 1,'1938 I l y .A

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Lowell Hobart Grlscll, llighland Park, mm3 l'l SR This application is a, continuation in part of tively low cost by the use of common and simple my application Serial No. 680,797, led July 17, machining operations and having a minimum 1933, and relates to pumps of new and improved numbei of parts, and in which the design and construction which while adaptable for use as arrangements of the parts is such that part manu- 5 fuel pumps for internal combustion engines, may lfacturing and assemblingy operations are mark- 5 also be employed in many other relations, su'ch edly simplified and so that variations from the as for oil burners, fuel transfer systems, in fact manufacturing sizes or dimensions which may foruse generally wherever liquids maybepumped. occur inthe g pf the parts will not Another object. of the invention is to provide a` affect Vthe efficiency of the pump in operation,

pump of small, compact construction capable of thus obviating the necessity for a high degree of lo being driven by any rotating part of an internal accuracy in the machining and manufacture of combustion engine, oit/any machine to which the parts and, as a result, enabling marked savings pump may be connected, consequently when the in manufacture to be eected.

^ pump is employed as a. fuel pump 'for an internal The above and-other objects will appear more combustion engine it may readily be driven from fully from. the following more -detailed descripl5 1 a rotating part ofany standard or commercial tion and by reference to the accompanying draw-l existing type of engine without necessitating any lng forming a part hereof wherein I have shown radical modifications of the engine structure or by way of illustration, a satisfactory construcnecessitating the use 'of a camshaft as a part of tional example embodying the principles of the the engine construction for the operation of the invention.

fuel pump. As shown in the drawing, Fig. 1 is a; central A further object is to provide a new and 1m-4 longitudinal section vthrough a pump embodying. proved construction ,of a pump of the type wherethe-.present invention; l in a rotor is eccentrically mounted within a pump p Fig. .2 vis "a section taken substantially on the chamber and the fluid is caused'to be impellecl line 2 2 of Fig. 1; i i 25 by means of one or more'vanes seated within the Fig. 3 is a, section taken. substantially on the rotor for movement substantially radially there' line 3 3 of Fig. l;

. of and which vanes are spring pressed to cause ,Fla 4 is a section taken substantially on the them to contact yieldingly with the inner. kwall of line 4 0 of Fig. l; the pump chamber. A Y l Another-object of the invention is to provide line 6 5 of Fig. 3, a construction for a pump of the type setforth vAs shown in Fig. l of the drawing, the pump in which novel means are employed for. adjust= -wmprlses a'main casing II) having a cylindrical ably sealing one end of the pump' chamber. bore. One end of the casing I Il is provided Vwith :l5 A further objectis to provide a new and imaperipheral, laterally extending flange II, pro- 35 proved valve controlled by-pass for insuring theA 'vided with suitably spaced, screw threaded aperdelivery by the pump of iluid at a uniformV maxitures into which are adapted tol be screwed the mum pressure. ,s bolts I2. The bolts I2 serve to connect to the Another object is to provide a pump of the type casing II) a )member I3 preferably made as a 4U described which mayby. a simple adjustment of. casting and whichis provided with abore through 4o `one of its parts, be operated eiliciently either in which passesA the impeller driving shaft, not:

` Fig. 5 isa section taken' substantially on the 30,

clockwise oranti-clockwise direction thereby shown. 'I'he member I3 -is also provided with a rendering the 'pump universal in its application lateral Harige lIl through which the bolts I2 pass yWithout necessitating any structural changes of and which is clamped in contacting engagement the parts .of the pump to permit the operationfin. with the ange II; there being su'ilcient clear- 45 reverse directions. ance in the flange II -for'tliebolts I2 to permit .A further object is toprovide'a pump in which7 relative lateral adjustment of the casing' parts all of the partsthat function as pump media are im I3. p so constructed that any wear thereof, yor any lost The end of the casing I 0 opposite to the flange su mpi-,ion which-occurs asthe result of operation of II is preferably exteriorly screw Vthreaded for the the pump can be taken up by very simple ad*- re'ception of -a head or closure plate I5. Mounted I justments. withinr the working chamber of the casingv Ill,`

A stillv further object is to V provide a pump Voi! and suitably connected in driving relationship the type described of simple, compact and sturdy'4 with the driving shaft, preferably by a press fit,

6c .construction that can be manufactured at a relais a rotor I6. As will be noted by referring to 55.

Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawing, the rotor I6 is located eccentrically within the working chamber ofthe pump, and, as shown most clearly in Fig. 2, said rotor is provided with diametrically extending slots in which are slidably received impeller vanes denoted generally by the reference character I'l.A

In order to insure effective sealing engagement between the vanes I1 and the surface of the pump with which said vanes engage, each of said vanes preferably consists of a pair of similar sections, which engage within the diametrical slots in the rotor with a neat sliding fit. At its inner end each vane section is provided with one or more cylindrical recesses for the reception of compression springs I'Ia, there being one or more springs in parallelism for each vane and serving to force the outer ends of the vane sections into contacting sealing engagement with the bore of the casing I0. The springs for each vane are arranged in staggered relationship to the springs of the other Vane so as to operate Without interference from one another.

As shown in Fig. 2 ofthe drawing, the casing I9 has formed integrally therewith a pair of internally screw threaded hollow bosses IB, I9 which serve as the inlet and outlet ports of the pump according to the direction of rotation of the rotor I6. For clarity of description it will be assumed that the rotor rotates counterclockwise in the direction of the small arrow shown in Fig. 2. Under these circumstances the boss I8 will be the inlet and the boss I9 the outlet for the pump. The boss I8 is in communication with a conduit 20, and the boss I9 is in communication with a similar conduit 2I, the conduits20, 2I being in communication by means presently to be described with the working chamber in which the rotor I6 is mounted.

interposed between-the head I and the side face of the rotor IB is an end plate 22, said plate being adjustably held against the side face of the rotor I6 by means of a wedging ring 23, said ring 23 being interposed between the bore of the casing ID and the periphery of the end plate 22 to hold plate 22 rigidly within the casing I9. The plate 22 is preferably cored out to provide a pair of by-pass conduits, Fig. 5, which terminate on the periphery of the plate at the inner (left hand) face thereof in a pair of diametrically opposed arcuate ports, 24, 25, while at the outer lace of said plate said conduits terminate adjacent the center of the plate in a pair of arcuate ports 25, 21. Adjustably secured to the. outer face oi end plate 22, by means of a screw 28, is by-pass valve plate member 29, a gasket 29a being interposed between plate 22 and by-pass valve plate 29, to prevent leakage there between. The member 29 is provided with a pair of conduits 30, 3|, which at the inner face of said member terminate in a pair of arcuate ports, adapted to be placed in registry with the arcuate shaped ports 2S, 21. The conduit 30 of the valve plate member .'29 extends substantially radially thereof and terminates at the outer face of said member in a small arcuate port 30a which communicates with a shallow cylindrical chamber surrounded by a projecting annular flange formed on the valve plate 29 and which terminates in the annular valve seat 33, while the conduit 3| ex- .tends substantially parallel to the axis of the pump and terminates in an arcuate shaped port 3 Ia on the outer face of the valve plate member exteriorly of the valve seat 33. One or more dowel pins 32, (Fig. 1) aregprovided for locating the end plate 22 and valve plate 29 when assembled with their adjacent communicating ports in proper registry. In order that the wedging ring 23 will not interfere with the communication between the ports 24, 25 and conduits 20, 2|, those portions of thering 23 which otherwise would overlie the ports 24, 25 are cut away.

Projecting inwardly from the inner face of the closure head' I5 at the center thereof is a cylindrical shaped lug or boss 34 which projects into a similarly shaped bore of a valve member 35 having an enlarged valve seating surface 36 'at its inner end adapted to engage with the annular valve seating surface 33 of the valve plate member 29. The valve member 35 is slidably supported upon the boss 34 and is normally held with its sealing surface 36 in sealing engagement with the annular valve seat 33 by means of a coil spring 31, one end of which abuts against the enlarged head 36 and the other end of which abuts against a spring abutment ring 38 screw threaded into the end of the pump casing I0.

Means are provided for holding the end plate 22 and wedging ring 23 in properly adjusted relationship to the rotor I6 and such means comprises an adjusting ring A39 also preferably screw threaded into the end of the casing member I0, said azusting ring 39 being provided on its inner face with 'an annular narrow flange, the inner end of which is adapted to engage the thicker end of the wedging ring '23. Both the adjusting ring 39 and the spring abutment ring 38 are kerfed or slotted along a portion of their periphery and through these slotted portions thereof are screwed the locking screws 40 and 4I respectively, which screws, when tightened, will serve to bind the external threads of the rings in the cooperating screw threaded portion of the casing I0 and hold the rings against accidental movement in the well known manner of locking devices of this character.

A portion I3 of, the two part casing is constructed to align with and clamp to the casing portion II). The casing portion I3 is counterbored, as at 42, to receive an end wall vsealing plate 43 and its flange I4is cut away to form a pair of conduits 44, 45 (Fig. 3) longitudinally aligned with the conduits 20, 2I, (Fig. 2) in the casing section Ill while the end sealing plate 43 (Fig. 3) has its right hand face (Fig. 5) cut away to form ports 46, 41, which open at the periphery of the end plate to communicate with the conduits 44, 45.

The manner in which the device is assembled and operates is as follows:

Before the castings I3, I0 are clamped together and the adjustable by-pass plate 29 is secured to the outer face of the end plate 22 by means of the locking screw 28, gasket 3I is interposed between the end plate and the by-pass plate to prevent fluid leakage there between. The casing I3 with the rotor and impeller shaft carried thereby are then bolted to the casing II) and the casing adjusted laterally to insure proper axial alignment thereof so as to secure free rotation of the rotor without binding within the working chamber provided in the casing I0. The end plate 22 is then placed within the casing I0 and the wedging ring 23 is inserted between the bore of the casing I0 and the periphery of the end plate 22. The adjusting ring 39 is then screw threaded into the bore of the casing I0 with its reduced innery end in engagement with 'the thicker end of the wedging ring 23 and the end plate 22 is adjusted axially of the casing to hold it with a neat fit against the side face of the rotor.

. The locking screw 4I in the ring 39 is then tightened thus bindingthe threads of the ring 39 on the casing threads and holding the parts in adjusted position. The coil spring I1 is then slipped over the valve member 35, one end of said spring abutting against the enlarged portion lof the -valve memberk and the valve member Aand spring placed in the casing with the enlarged portion thereofyseatingupon the valve seat 33.

Almtmentring 38 is .then screw threaded into V the bore ofthe casing l in engagement with the j cylindrical shaped .lug 34 extending into thebore `coil spring 31 and the ring 38 adjusted to place `a predetermined tension on said spring. The

closure headl is thenscrewed on the casing with of'the valve member '35. y

In operation let it be assumed that rotation is *imparted to the impeller shaft in a counterclockwise direction as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 2

of the drawing and vthat the bosses 18, I9 are connected respectively by suitable pipes to a supply of the iiuid to be pumped and the point the fluid is to be delivered. As the vanes i1 sweep past the arcuate port 46 suction will be induced in said.

port and within the working chamber of the pump between the vane and the upper edge ofthe rotor at the point where the latter contacts with the inner wall of the bore of the casing In.: Fund wm be sucked into the working chamber'of the pump in the lefthand side thereof through the port 46, conduits 44, 20 and inlet i8 (Fig. 2) the fluid filling the crescent shaped working chamber and following up the movement of the vane. As the diametrica'lly opposite end of the vane then sweeps past the port `46 it will cut oi! the crescent shaped chamber in front of its leading edge from the suction line and will .impel or force 'the uid whichhas filled said chamber through the port 41, conduits 45, 2| and outlet i9, the above operation being characteristic of pumps oi' this particular type. Should pressure of the fluid being delivered by the pump tend to increase beyond a certain maximum'amount, as determined by the .adjustment of the' spring 3l, a certain portion of the fluid will be by-passed, this being accom- `plished as follows: It will be noted vthat the 4port 24 of the end wall 22 is iocatedin augment with the outlet port 2| and willjbe subjected to the same pressure as the duid forced through said outlet. The 'port 24, its respective conduit and port 26 and conduit 30 of -the valve platelmember 29 will therefore be iilled with fluid `under the same pressure as the uid within the outlet, or de- A livery, side of the pump. Should this pressurebevcome greater at any time than the pressure ezerted by the spring 31, the valve I6 will be lifted ofi its seat 83, thus permitting communication to be established between the ports lla, Sia and a portion of theiiuid will then be by-passed from port 30a to port 3Ia directlyifrom the pressure side to the suction side oi' ,the pump. After the pump has been in operation for some time the end plate 22 may be readjusted to take up the wear by simply removing the adjusting ring 39 and loosening the wedge 23. The plate 22 then may be movedin and adjusted and the wedging ring 23 may then be 'replaced to hold the`end-wall in proper adjusted position as desired. To regulatepermit the adjustment on the tension of the the amount of pressure desired to operate the' valve 35 the abutment ring 3l may be advanced'- or retarded within the bore of thecasing spring 31.

The construction o f the end plate 22 and wedging ring 23 not only has marked advantages from the standpoint of furnishing a convenient means for regulating and adjusting the end plate but it also has important advantages from the standpoint of reducing manufacturing costs as it is not necessary to hold the machining tolerances of the diametrical dimensions oi the working chamber bore and end plate within narrow limits, it being obvious that variations in such dimensions can be readily compensated for in the initial assembling of the parts by adjustment of the wedging ring. Moreover, the ring may be made of any suitable non-ferrous material such as brass, copper or any other material that will be resistant to rust'or to the action of any corrosive substances inthe liquid being pumped, thus insuring ready disassembling of the parts after long periods of service.

Again, it is highly important to prevent edge leakage from the working chamber between the perimeter of the end plate and the bore 'f such chamber and were such result sought to be achieved by a close iit of the end plate in the bore the precision machining that would be required would materially increase production costs and ii? any corrosion in-use should occur with such very close tting parts it would be practically impossible to remove the end plate without seriously damaging the bore. Ihe prevention of edge leakage is important because if this should occur fluid is permitted to-iiow directly from the pressure side to the suction side of the pump thus press fit, the rotor can be made of any non-ienrous material resistant to rust or other corrosive action.

If itis desired to operate the pump in a reverse 'or clockwise direction so that conduit 20 becomes `the outlet and conduit 2i the inlet, the valve plate 29 is reversed so that the port 30 aligns with port 21 and port 3|a with port 26. In case of a back pressure, sufiicientl to lift the valve 35, as described above, the iluid will then by-pass through ports 25, 21, into port l30a to ports Bia, 26 and 24 to conduit 2l.

In the parent case Serial No. 680,797, led July 17, 1933, there was disclosed a, pump structure of the type wherein oneend of the rotor was sealed by an end plate, said end plate being held by a screw threaded adjusting means against the side face of the rotor and which plate was provided with valve controlled by-pass conduits. To that extent the parent application and this application disclose common subject matter. 'Ihe present case discloses a pump structure of the type where 'one end of the rotor is sealed by an end plate, said end plate being adjustably held against the side face of the rotor by means oi a wedging ring being held by the screw threaded ring 39 in proper adjusted position thus providing a simple means for holding the end plate in the j. desired position and also simplifying the manual adjustment of the plate to suit the particular conditions in each` pump assembled. The present .case also provides a simple and efficient means try withsaid end sealing plate assembly. Al-

, though the pump is designed primarily for use as a fuel pump for internal combustion engines, the principles of construction are not limited to this specific use, it being understoodk that the lpump may be constructed for use in any relation that may be desired. By constructing the pump as herein disclosed and using a rotary pump instead of a reciprocating one, it becomes possible to drive the pump by any rotationg part of an internal combustion engine, for example, by connecting it with a fan drive, the drive for the oil pump, or generator, or any othei' readily accessible, externally located, rotating part of any standard internal combustion engine. While I have described a satisfactory constructional example of a pump embodying the principles of my invention it will be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific constructional details herein described-and illustrated in the drawing, but that many changes, variations and modifications may be resorted to without departing from this invention.

I claim:

1. A rotary pump ofthe type wherein a rotor is mounted within a working chamber defined by the casing of said pump characterized by the provision of an end plate with a beveled periphery mounted within said chamber and in contacting sealing engagement with one end face of said rotor, means for locking said end plate in sealing engagement with an' end wall of said rotor comprisinga ring of wedge shaped cross section releasably wedged between the walls of the working chamber and the beveled periphery of saidI end plate.

2. A rotary pump of the type whereina rotor is mounted within a working chamberdefined by the casing of said pump characterized by an end plate having portions defining relief ports therethrough, a ring of vwedge shaped cross section for holding said end plate rigidly within the casing of said pump; and an adjustable screw threaded ring member adapted to abut against said wedge shaped ring for moving said `wedge shaped ring thereby to wedge the end plate rigidly within the casing.

3. A rotary pump of the type wherein a rotor is mounted eccentrically within a workingchamterposed between said ring member and said bypass valve member to hold said by-pass member in yieldably sealed contacting relationship with said valve plate.

4. A rotary pump of the type wherein a rotpry Y is' mounted eccentrically within a working chamber defined bythe casing of said pump, anl end plate rigidly mounted within said chamber, a wedging ring -interposed between said end plate and said working chamber, a by-pass valve comprising a' valve plate adjacent said end plate, an

end sealing cap having a bossportion securedthereto -and extending inwardly therefrom, said sealing cap being secured to one end of said casing, a pair of ring members adjustably mounted in said casing one of said ring members abutting against said wedging ring to hold the same rigidly in place, a by-pass valve member telescopically mounted on said boss portion and a spring interposed between the other of said ring members and said by-pass valve member to hold said by-pass valve member yieldably with a predetermined pressure in sealed contacting relationship with said valve plate,

5. A rotary'pump of the type wherein an impeller is mounted eccentrically Within a working chamber dened by the casing of said pump, an apertured end plate rigidly mounted within said casing, a by-pass valve comprising an apertured valve plate secured to said end plate, an end sealing cap having a boss portion secured thereto and extending inwardly therefrom, said sealing cap being secured to one end of said casing, an adjusting ring mounted in said casing and a spring interposed between said ring and said by-pass valve member whereby by adjustment of said ring the eiiective tension of said spring may be regulated.

f ing chamber and the beveled periphery of said end plate and means for'holding said ring in acl- .iusted position.

7. A rotary pump of the type wherein a rotor is `mounted within a working chamber defined by the casing of said pump characterized by the provision of an endplateywith a beveled periphery mounted within said chamber and in contacting sealing engagement with one end face of said rotor, means for preventing edge leakage between said end plate and the bore of said working chamber comprising a ring of wedge 4shaped cross section encircling the beveled periphery7 of said end plate and interposed between said periphery and said bore and adjustable means for forcing and holding said w'edge shaped ring thereby to clamp said end plate in adjusted position in said working chamber.

8. A rotary pump of the type wherein a rotor is mounted within a working chamber defined by the casing of said pump characterized by 'the provision of an endplate mounted within said chamber and in contacting sealing engagement with one end face of said rotor, means for locking said end plate in sealing engagement with an end Wall of said rotor -comprising, a ring of wedge shaped cross section and a locking' ring movable axially in said chamber for engaging the edge of said wedge shaped ring lto force the same laterally thereby to wedge between the walls of the working chamber and the periphery of said end plate.

9. A rotary pump of the type wherein a rotor is mounted within a' working' chamber dened by the casing of said pump characterized by the provision of an end plate mounted within said chamber and ln contacting sealing engagement with one end face of said rotor, means for locking said end plate in sealing engagement with an end wall of said rotor comprising, aring of wedge shaped cross section and means vto force said rotor and communicatingwith said passages. anV i0 end plate rigidly mounted within said chamber ai'oaovo B and having inlet and. outlet -and passages located at the opposite end of said rotor and communicating with said rst named passages,

a. valve plate adjacent said end plate and having by-pass conduits defining continuations of the inlet and outlet passages of said end platel and a by-pass valve for controlling passage of fluid through said conduits.

' LOWELL HoBAR'r Gluem. 1o 

